✨AI Reimagines the Masters✨ Etienne-Jules Marey|59/1000

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Introduce briefly

Étienne-Jules Marey was a French scientist, physiologist, and chronophotographer who made significant contributions to various fields such as cardiology, physical instrumentation, aviation, cinematography, and the science of laboratory photography [1]. He is widely regarded as a pioneer of photography and an influential figure in the history of cinema.

Biography:

Marey initially studied blood circulation in the human body before shifting his focus to analyzing heartbeats, respiration, muscles, and body movement [1].

He developed many instruments for precise measurements, including a wearable Sphygmograph to measure the pulse in collaboration with physiologist Auguste Chauveau and watch manufacturer Breguet [1].

Marey's fascination with movement led him to study the flight of insects, birds, and other animals. He developed the field of chronophotography, recording several phases of movement on a single photographic surface [1].

In 1890, he published "Le Vol des Oiseaux" (The Flight of Birds), a volume richly illustrated with photographs, drawings, and diagrams [1].

Marey also studied human locomotion and published a book titled "Le Mouvement" in 1894 [1].

Chronophotography:

Marey's chronophotographic gun, invented in 1882, was capable of taking 12 consecutive frames per second, recording them on the same picture. He used this instrument to study various animals, creating what some call Marey's "animated zoo" [1].

He also made high-speed movies, capturing 60 images per second with excellent image quality, which contributed to the emerging field of cinematography [1].

Later Work:

Towards the end of his life, Marey focused on studying the movement of abstract forms such as falling balls and smoke trails. His research on smoke trails was partially funded by Samuel Pierpont Langley under the auspices of the Smithsonian Institution [1].